An ebsd investigation of interstitialfree steel subjected to equal channel angular extrusion. Introduction have been done on microstructure and aluminium and its alloys are being widely used as a predominant material in various engineering applications. With the use of the data from scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and dilatometry, we found that the simultaneous growth in the strength, plasticity, and impact resistance was related to the formation of a net of biaxially oriented polymeric chains, the decrease in the free volume, and the reinforcement of. Application of equal channel angular extrusion to semi. Metfoam 2007 proceedings of the 5th international conference on porous metals and metallic foams. Toth2 1school of materials and metallurgy, northeastern university, shenyang 110819, peoples republic of china. Presently, among the methods of spd, equal channel angular extrusion ecae is considered as the most promising for industrial applications. A method is described for producing homogeneous wrought microstructure during equal channel angular extrusion of difficulttowork high temperature alloys that exhibit a high degree of flow softening at hotworking temperatures, wherein flow nonuniformities are minimized by imparting an increment of initial upset deformation to an alloy immediately preceding shear flow through the. Feb 01, 2010 the paper discusses possible approaches for realization of continuous equal channel angular extrusion ecae. In the early 1990s with the swing to interest in ultrafine and. Equal channel angular extrusion of difficulttowork alloys. Equal channel angular extrusion process ecap, scanning electron microscopy, hardness, aluminium 5083 alloy. Equal channel angular extrusion ecae was invented in 1972 and first described in.
Varadala ananda babu, gurugubelli swami naidu, bandaru sateesh source. This is connected with the fact that the material during the eca pressing is subjected to large strains under high imposed pressure at. Equal channel angular extrusion ecae is one technique from the severe plastic deformation spd group, aimed at producing ultra fine grained ufg material. Equal channel angular extrusion method free patents online. The equal channel angular extrusion ecae is a well known method for production of bulk materials with ultra fine grained structure14. Investigation into energy dissipation in equal channel.
Design and fabrication of equal channel angular extrusion process analysis for nonferrous materials authors. However, equal channel angular extrusion ecae is capable of repeatedly imparting a large amount of deformation into a material without significant dimensional changes. At the same time the practical realization of this technique is a rather challenging task. Effects of equal channel angular extrusion assisted by. Equal channel angular extrusion ecae was used to generate grains of average size 0. Application to ifsteel sheets 43 tional angular extrusion cfae 14 have been recently reported as continuous ecae processes to produce ufg sheet materials. Equal channel angular pressing of copper wire f djavanroodi. Microstructural development in interstitial free steel processed by equal channel angular extrusion the minerals metals and materials society, usa 2004. Pdf microstructure and texture evolution during equal. Equalchannel angular extrusion ecae, is by far the most well studied and widely used spd technique to date. Equal channel angular extrusion of difficulttowork. There has been also attempts to adapt this technique to continuous processing, enabling the production of materials in a large scale, efficient and cost effective manner4. A theoretical analysis of internal pressure and stresses developed at the interface with. The equal channel angular extrusion ecae is an ingenious severe plastic deformation process used to modify texture and microstructure without reducing sample crosssection.
Deformation behavior of lotustype porous copper with long cylindrical pores aligned in one direction through equalchannel angular extrusion ecae process. A new development of equal channel angular pressing method to fabricate wireformed samples has been proposed and experimented. Equal channel angular extrusion ecae is being used to refine the ascast grain structure. We have conducted a series of equal channel angular extrusion experiments on an fe16n2 magnetic phase material containing 3 wt mn.
Emerging materials research, volume 7, issue 3, 1 sep 2018 160163. Apr 26, 2005 thus, the present invention seeks to address this problem, and others, by introducing an equal channel angular extrusion method, as outlined below in conjunction with figs. One of the priority lines of development of physics of polymers and material science is the development of the principles of structure modification of polymeric materials and the study of the relation between the structure and the properties, aimed to their control. An ebsd investigation of interstitial free steel subjected to equal channel angular extrusion. Principle of this method consists of severe deformations of massive samples realised by shear without change of cross section. Equal channel angular extrusion ecae developed by segal is widely known as one of the techniques to impose severe. Simulation of equalchannel angular extrusion pressing. It was demonstrated that ecmae allowed the substantial improvement of the set of strainstrength characteristics of these. Planar twist channel angular extrusion ptcae is a new severe plastic deformation method to produce bulk ultrafinegrained materials which is based on conventional equal channel angular extrusion. Equal channel angular extrusion for development of.
The work piece is placed in one channel and extruded into the other using a punch. Equal channel angular extrusion ecae, is by far the most well studied and widely used spd technique to date. Microstructure and texture evolution during equal channel angular extrusion of interstitialfree steel. Development of a continuous equal channel angular extrusion ecae process. Dec 04, 2018 equal channel angular extrusion of semicircular aa 5083 covered with copper casing authors. Microstructure and mechanical properties of pb4%sb alloy. Download pdf 7 mb abstract the objectives of this study were to examine the effect of strain and path change on the microstructural evolution of ultrafine grained interstitial free if steel during equal channel angular extrusion ecae. Introduction equal channel angular extrusion ecae is at present one of the most promising technique to produce bulk nanostructured or ultrafinegrained materials grain size in the range 100 nm for structural applications. Characteristics of commercially pure aluminum 1020 deformed by equal channel angular through routes a and c s. Microstructure and mechanical properties of al3fe alloy. The results have been analysed on the basis of microstructural features and related established concepts on texture evolution in fcc. Characteristics of an aluminum alloy after generation of.
Equal channel angular extrusion ecae is a promising novel technique for inducing microstructural refinement in polycrystalline materials by imposing large plastic strains. In metfoam 2007 proceedings of the 5th international conference on porous metals and metallic foams pp. Oyebanji abstract large uniform plastic strain has been effectively introduced in bulk materials using equal channel angular extrusion ecae process. Comparative study of the required force for performing equal. A method is described for producing homogeneous wrought microstructure during equal channel angular extrusion of difficulttowork high temperature alloys that exhibit a high degree of flow softening at hotworking temperatures, wherein flow nonuniformities are minimized by imparting an increment of initial upset deformation to an alloy immediately preceding shear flow through the deformation.
Ebsd investigations of equal channel angular extruded copper. Slip line solutions and plastic zones are analyzed for different cases of active and passive frictions. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view. Pdf an ebsd investigation of interstitialfree steel. Texture analysis and magnetic properties volume 33 issue 15 andrew b. From a laboratory curiosity to an industrial technology article pdf available in metals open access metallurgy journal 102. Equal channel angular extrusion ecae developed by segal is widely known as one of the techniques to impose severe plastic deformation on bulk materials to produce ultra. In this study, we investigate the erosion resistance and mechanical properties of ti5al5mo5v3cr alloy against silica slurry, which is formed by an equal channel angular extrusion ecae process in. Shear deformation occurs in the material when it passes through the angular intersection connecting the two channels. Also, it was found that the characteristics of the aluminum alloy 1050 99.
The deformation behavior of ti6al4v during hightemperature equal channel angular extrusion ecae with or without an initial increment of upset deformation was determined for billets with either a lamellar or an equiaxed alpha preform microstructure. The friction and wear properties of 65mn processed by equal channel angular extrusion ecae assisted by ultrasonic and subsequent heat treatment processing under dry sliding condition were evaluated on a block on ring mm2000 tribometer. Hot working of ti6al4v via equal channel angular extrusion. Investigation into channel angular extrusion and the uread. Ecae is one of the severe plastic deformation processes.
Equal channel angular extrusion for bulk processing of feco2v soft magnetic alloys, part ii. Numerical estimation of frictional effects in equal channel. Proceedings of the th international conference on metal forming. Equal channel angular extrusion ecae is a relatively new metal working process which is capable of producing ultrafine submicron grain smg structure by means of intense plastic straining without a change in shape or dimensions of the worked material. Effects of equal channel angular extrusion ecae process. Such mechanism of deformation is known in literature as equal channel angular extrusion ecae. Introduction equal channel angular extrusion ecae is at present one of the most promising technique to produce bulk nanostructured or ultrafinegrained materials grain size in the range 100 nm. Prerequisites and means to solve the problem according to the scheme fig.
Equalchannel angular eca pressing is the main technique of the severe plastic deformation spd method, applied for fabrication of bulk nanostructured metal materials. Design and fabrication of equal channel angular extrusion. An ebsd investigation of interstitialfree steel subjected. Important position among them holds the equal channel angular extrusion ecae 46. The room temperature tensile properties of the alloy with this microstructure will be. Us5904062a equal channel angular extrusion of difficult.
Mechanics of continuous equalchannel angular extrusion. Development of a submicrometergrained microstructure in aluminum 6061 using equal channel angular extrusion volume 12 issue 5 stephane ferrasse, vladimir m. Nowadays, great attention is paid to investigation of severe plastic deformation spd effect on the structure modification of. Principles of equalchannel angular sheet extrusion ecase. Equalchannel angular extrusion of lotustype porous copper. Characteristics of an aluminum alloy after generation of fine. Microstructure and texture evolution during equal channel angular extrusion of interstitial free steel. Equal channel angular pressing ecap is the most prominent spd technique, due to its capability of producing bulk workpieces free of porosity and inclusions3. In industrial metalworking, it is an extrusion process, the technique is able to refine the microstructure of metals and alloys, thereby improving their. With this process micrometer or even nanometer grain size is obtained in processed materials. In this approach, wireformed specimen, which is inserted inside a polyurethane rubber pad material, has been pressed. Analysis of equal channel angular extrusion by upper bound. The change in direction, without a change in billet dimensions. With this grain reduction after thermal treatments, the mechanical properties of the billet are greatly increased.
At that time, intensive research was performed at the physical technical institute academy of sciences of buelorussia, minsk on development and application of ecae technology to different materials science and industrial problems. In this paper, several topics on ecae of materials for potential automotive applications are. Equal channel angular extrusion ecae is a promising technique for obtaining ultragrained bulk materials with increased strength and ductility through severe plastic deformation 8,9. Principles of equal channel angular sheet extrusion ecase. Texture evolution in fcc metals during equal channel. Mechanics of continuous equalchannel angular extrusion mechanics of continuous equalchannel angular extrusion segal, v. Starting in the 1990s, it quickly became well known as an effective technique for grain refinement of a coarsegrained polycrystalline metal , 14, 15. Equalchannel angular extrusion of lotustype porous. Hartwig equal channel angular extrusion ecae has great potential for developing ultra. For the case of equal channel angular extrusion ecae, the width of the vertical channel, b, becomes equal to the width of the horizontal channel, h.
Nov 27, 20 one of the priority lines of development of physics of polymers and material science is the development of the principles of structure modification of polymeric materials and the study of the relation between the structure and the properties, aimed to their control. It is shown that cecae provides lower extrusion pressure, higher effective. Equalchannel angular extrusion process of lotustype. Enhancement of mechanical properties of aa 6351 using. Texture development in interstitial free if steel subjected. Microstructure and mechanical properties of al3fe alloy processed by equal channel angular extrusion. A practical interest presents conform ecae cecae converting an inlet channel into a friction press. The model was designed based on a 2dimensional 2d scale. Equal channel angular extrusion ecae is an innovative technique whose importance has grown in recent years. The equal channel angular extrusion ecae process is a promising technique for imparting large plastic deformation to materials without a resultant decrease in crosssectional area.
Becu rods produced by the arcmelting process 5 mm in diameter by 30 mm in length are enclosed in. Equal channel angular extrusion processing of alloys. Severe plastic deformation results in a microstructure consisting of submicron equiaxed al grains with a uniform distribution of submicron al. Lavanya author year 2016 pages 51 catalog number v342638 file size 3435 kb language english tags. Enhancement of mechanical properties of aa 6351 using equal. Different materials with different sfe result in their characteristic textures. Despite the simple design of ecae tool, the homogeneity of material flow, needed pressure and resulting strains are strongly influenced by a number of process parameters like tool geometry, external. A planar twist channel angular extrusion ptcae as a novel. Thus, the present invention seeks to address this problem, and others, by introducing an equal channel angular extrusion method, as outlined below in conjunction with figs.
In the present study, the optimum extrusion parameters were investigated for minimum strain coefficient of variance in equal channel angular pressing based on the analysis of whole steady zone. Texture evolution in equalchannel angular extrusion. Fcc metals with different stacking fault energy sfe, namely al, cu and ag have been investigated for the evolution of crystallographic texture during ecae deformation using route a. Equalchannel angular extrusion of polymers springerlink. The simulation process was done for al 5083 alloy using deform 3d software at two different channel angles 90 0 and 120 0 and with two distinct. A planar twist channel angular extrusion ptcae as a. Finite element analysis of the plastic deformation zone. Equalchannel angular extrusion of al 5083 alloy with copper.
The present invention relates generally to methods for hot working metals and alloys for attaining selected microstructure, and more particularly to a method for producing homogeneous wrought microstructure during equal channel angular extrusion ecae of difficulttowork high temperature alloys. The purpose of this study is to numerically estimate the friction coefficient for equal channel angular extrusion with and without back pressure. Along with the traditional method of equal channel angular extrusion other schemes are used, for example the way channel angular extrusion in parallel channels designed by ufa scientific school 2, 3. Us5904062a equal channel angular extrusion of difficultto. This metal forming process was invented by segal in the early 1970s 12.
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